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gingival graft
A gingival graft, also called gum graft or periodontal plastic surgery,〔(Scholesperio.com )〕〔(Sfperiodontist.com )〕〔(Aboutcosmeticdentristy.com )〕 is a generic name for any of a number of periodontal surgical procedures in which the gum tissue is grafted. The aim may be to cover exposed root surfaces or merely to augment the band of keratinized tissue.
==Anatomy==
The soft tissue in the oral cavity is classified as either keratinized or nonkeratinized based on the magnitude of keratin in the epithelium. In health, the soft tissue immediately around the teeth is highly keratinized and is referred to as ''keratinized tissue'' or ''gingiva''. The soft tissue that exists adjacent to that and separated from the teeth by the band of keratinized tissue is referred to as ''alveolar mucosa''. Nonkeratinized tissue also lines the lips, cheeks, underside of the tongue and floor of the mouth are also nonkeratinized. The dorsum of the tongue is keratinized and features many papillae, some of which contain taste buds.
Loss of bone and keratinized tissue around the neck of a tooth is referred to as ''gingival recession''. The result of gingival recession is manifold: the often unesthetic root surface may become exposed and because of this, root sensitivity may be manifest. Gingival grafting may be employed to both increase the zone of keratinized tissue and effect root coverage.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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